The 23rd ACEA Scientific Advisory Group Report focuses on the issue of heavy-duty vehicle weight restrictions in the EU. The report discusses the enforcement and compliance technologies used to ensure that vehicles comply with the rules set out in Directive 96/53/EC. The report also covers the traffic loading, including freight traffic in Europe, traffic overloading, and traffic loading and road infrastructure. The report further discusses the measurements of traffic loading, including static weighing, low-speed Weigh-in-Motion, high-speed Weigh-in-Motion, and on-board weighing. The report also covers the enforcement of overloaded vehicles, current practices, enforcement strategies, and future enforcement. Finally, the report concludes by discussing how to mitigate overloading and provides references for further reading.