Cities Alive: Rethinking legacy for host cities

Rethinkinglegacyforhostcities ThispublicationistheproductofcollaborationacrossArup’shostcitiesteam,agroupofspecialiststhatsupportscities,bidcommitteesandorganisingcommitteesacrosstheglobethroughthefeasibility,bid,deliveryandlegacystagesoftheirevents.Theteambringstogether arangeofcityplanners,designers,consultantsandengineerswithafocusonacceleratingtransformationalchangetocreaterealprosperityandalastinglegacyforfuturegenerations.Astrustedadvisorsworkingcloselywithcitygovernments,mayorsandstakeholders,theteambringsabreadthofknowledgeandunderstandingtocreatenewideas,deliverultimatesuccessinhostingmajoreventsandembedmeaningfulchangeasalegacy. ThereportdrawsonourexperiencefrommajoreventsaroundtheworldincludingtheOlympic&ParalympicGames,WorldCups,ExposandCommonwealthGames.Italsodiscussesourownanalysisofhowfutureeventscoulddeliverevengreatertransformationalchangeincities,asaresultofbeinga‘hostcity’. ReleasedSeptember2017#hostcities 13FitzroyStreetLondonW1T4BQarup.comarup.com/citiesalive ©Arup2017 CoverImage:Aftertheevent,QueenElizabethOlympicParkStratford©Alamy Contents 3Foreword 4Aneweraforhostcities 6Reimagininglegacy 8Urbanoverlay 10Operationalexcellence 12Cleanerandgreenerinfrastructure 14Newapproachestooptimisingcost 16Financingeventsdifferently 17Optimisingvenueuse 18Reducedcapacitiesandtemporaryvenues 20Thealternativedigitalexperience 22Thenewlivesite 24Deliveringalegacyofinstitutionalcapacity 1 Top: RioOlympicsstreetmural"Etnias" Bottom: PerformerspresentthenextOlympichostcityofTokyoattheclosingceremonyoftheRio2016SummerOlympicGames©StanislavKrasilnikov/TASS/AlamyLiveNews 2 Foreword JeromeFrost GlobalCitiesLeader,Arup Ifcurrentscepticaltrendsintheviewsofurbancitizenscontinue,wewillseemoreandmorepeopleabandoningtheirsupportformajorevents.Intheageofsocialmediathiscouldhappenatanalarmingrate. Inaneraofausterityanduncertaintymanywouldsaythisdoesnotmatter,therearefarbiggerissuestoworryabout.Butitdoesmatter.MajoreventssuchastheOlympicandParalympicGames,CommonwealthGamesandpan-regioncompetitionsaremorerelevantthantheyhaveeverbeen.Forcitieshostingthesehighprofileeventstheyshouldrepresenttheveryconfidenceinoururbanfutures thatweneedtopullusoutofchallengingtimes.Theygobeyondthedisplaysofhumanendeavourandtheexpressionsofmulti-culturalunity,ofopen-mindedness,acceptanceandcooperation.Theirsuccessfuldeliveryhasthepowertore-inventtheimageofacountry,accelerateinvestmentandtransformcitiesata100metrepace. AsLondonhasfoundoutsince2012,noamountof‘business-as-usual’cityplanning,promotionanddesignambitioncanreplicatethesuperchargedeffectofplacingacityinthespotlightof5bnpeopleanddoingitwell. Todeliverthispotentialitisevermoreimperativethattheseeventsareseenasbeingprimarilyforthehosts’andtheircitizens’benefit.Theyshouldbeadaptedtoalignperfectlywiththelonger-termambitionsofhostcitiesandnations.Eventsshouldfocusondevelopmentalignedwithacity’sgrowthambitions,event‘deals’that,earlyon,setouttheinvestmentandlongtermrelationshipsexpectedinreturnforhosting,thedeploymentofdemountable,re-useablevenuesandgreateruseofdigitalandpersonalisedeventenvironments.Inthiscontexttheycanbepresentedtohostcitizensasaccelerantsto pre-existingambitionsandexpressionsoftheir hosts’confidenceandclarityofpurpose. Ouraimistoensurethatbyadoptingthisapproach,ahostcitycanbeassuredthattheireventpropositionsaredeliveringmaximumlongtermprivateinvestment,valueforpublicmoneyand,mostimportantly,popularsupportfromtheircitizens. 3 Hostcitiesintroduction Anewera forHostCities BothLosAngelesandParis2024OlympicGamesbidsrepresenttheneweraofhostingmajorevents.AlignedwiththeInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)Agenda2020,botharedominatedbytheuseofexistingortemporaryvenues,maximisingefficiency,minimisingcostsanddramaticallyreducingtheriskofunusedvenuespost-Games. Thisnewdirectionshouldbetheperfectantidotetothepopulistfuelledoppositionthathasledtosomanycitiessteppingbackfromrecentmajoreventbiddingcompetitions. Andyet,theapproachcreatesanewchallengeforhostcities–theriskofnotangiblelegacyatall.Inthiscontext,despitesizablereductionsincosts,anypricemayseemtoomuchtocitizenswhostruggletoseeanywiderbenefitsbeyondthesixweeksofeventsandcelebration. Thus,torebuildpopularsupportinmajorevents,post-2020hostcitiesmustreinvent‘legacy’.WithoutthetypicalrangeofphysicalassetsavailabletopreviousGameslegaciestheymustinsteadturntodramaticallyextendingthebenefitsderivedfromtheevent.Thesebenefitsmightincludeincreasedcivic engagementthroughvolunteerprogrammesandbetterpublicinformation;awideraudienceengagedthroughpersonalisedeventexperiencesusingdigitaltechnologyandsocialmedia;moreefficientorganisational modelsusedtomanagethecity;ashifttowardsmoresustainablebehaviour;andcapitalisingonlongterminfrastructureinvestment. Overleaf:PariscelebratesOlympism:ParisismoremobilisedthaneverarounditscandidacytohosttheOlympicandParalympicGamesandorganisedtwodaysinJune2017wheretheheart ofParistransformeditselfintoanephemeralOlympicpark. ©JulienMattia/LePictorium 4 5 ReimaginingLegacy 6 Themostpowerfuleffectofama