Rapid Environmental Assessment of Kakhovka Dam Breach Ukraine, 2023

i RapidEnvironmentalAssessmentof KakhovkaDamBreach Ukraine,2023 RapidEnvironmentalAssessmentof KakhovkaDamBreach Ukraine,2023 ©2023UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme ISBN:978-92-807-4074-5 JobNumber:DEP/2573/NA Thispublicationmaybereproducedinwholeorinpartandinanyformforeducationalornon-profitserviceswithoutspecialpermissionfromthecopyrightholder,providedacknowledgementofthesourceismade.TheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammewouldappreciatereceivingacopyofanypublicationthatusesthispublicationasasource.NouseofthispublicationmaybemadeforresaleoranyothercommercialpurposewhatsoeverwithoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromtheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme.Applicationsforsuchpermission,withastatementofthepurposeandextentofthereproduction,shouldbeaddressedtotheDirector,CommunicationDivision,UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme,unep-communication-director@un.org. Disclaimers ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofthematerialinthispublicationdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheSecretariatoftheUnitedNationsconcerningthelegalstatusofanycountry,territoryorcityorareaoritsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries. MentionofacommercialcompanyorproductinthisdocumentdoesnotimplyendorsementbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammeortheauthors.Theuseofinformationfromthisdocumentforpublicityoradvertisingisnotpermitted.Trademarknamesandsymbolsareusedinaneditorialfashionwithnointentiononinfringementoftrademarkorcopyrightlaws. TheviewsexpressedinthispublicationarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme.Weregretanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenunwittinglymade. ©Maps,photosandillustrationsasspecified Coverphotos:Topphoto:AlexanderKhodosovtsev.Bottomphoto:KEYSTONE/APPhoto Suggestedcitation:UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(2023).RapidEnvironmentalAssessmentofKakhovkaDamBreach;Ukraine,2023.Nairobi,Kenya. Production:Nairobi,Kenya URL:https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/43696 Doi:https://doi.org/10.59117/20.500.11822/43696 Acknowledgements Thisreportwasauthoredbyagroupofexpertsfromthefollowingorganisations:DHISlovakia,FederalMinistryfortheEnvironment,NatureConservation,NuclearSafetyandConsumerProtectionoftheFederalRepublicofGermany,FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations,MinistryofInfrastructureandWaterManagementoftheNetherlands,HKV,SwedishCivilContingenciesAgency,SwissAgencyforDevelopmentandCooperation,RamsarConventiononWetlandsofInternationalImportance,UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme,UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammeandtheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey.Thisreportincludesandbuildsontheanalysisofmultiplepartners,notablyUNagencies,EuropeanCommission’sJointResearchCentreandUKCentreforEcology&HydrologywithHRWallingford. Thefollowingpartnerssupportedthedeploymentofexpertisefortheassessment: •UNEP/OCHAJointEnvironmentUnit •UNEP-DHICentreonWater&Environment •(European)UnionCivilProtectionMechanism •DutchDisasterRiskReductionandSurgeSupportProgramme(DRRS),commissionedbytheDutchGovernmentandwithsupportoftheMinistryofForeignAffairsoftheNetherlands Thefulllistofauthors,contributorsandreviewersisprovidedinAnnexI. FinancialsupportfromJapanandtheSwedishInternationalDevelopmentCooperationAgency(SIDA)toproducethisreportisgratefullyacknowledged. Editorofpublication:AmandaLawrence-Brown(UNEP)Designerofpublication:AhmadRezaAmiri Acknowledgements UNEPistheleadingglobalenvironmentalauthoritythatsetstheglobalenvironmentalagenda.TheorganisationpromotesthecoherentimplementationoftheenvironmentaldimensionofsustainabledevelopmentwithintheUNsystemandservesasanauthoritativeadvocatefortheglobalenvironment.UNEPiskeepingtheenvironmentunderreviewbyprovidingpolicyadvice,earlywarninginformationandpromotinginternationalcooperation.ItisunderthismandateandattherequestofthegovernmentofUkraine,thatUNEPhasundertakenthispreliminaryanalysisoftheenvironmentalimpactsoftheKakhovkadambreach,whichoccurredinJune2023. iii iv Abbreviations AP AssociatedPress ASCI AreaofSpecialConservationInterest BOD Biologicaloxygendemand CDC CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention CEOBS ConflictandEnvironmentObservatory CITES ConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpeciesofWildFaunaandFlora DU Depleteduranium EPA EnvironmentalProtectionAgency ERCC EuropeanCommissionEmergencyResponseCoordinationCentre EQS EnvironmentalQualityStandard EU EuropeanUnion FAO FoodandAgricultureOrganization GICHD GenevaInternationalCentreforHumanitarianDemining HRP Humanitarianresponseplan HRW HRWallingford IAEA InternationalAtomicEnergyAssociation IFC InternationalFinanceCorporation IMBNAS InstituteofMarineBiologyoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesofUkraine IUCN InternationalUnionforConservationofNature JEU JointEnvironmentUnit JRC EuropeanCommission’sJointResearchCentre KSE KyivSchoolofEconomics MEPNR MinistryofEnvironmentProtectionandNaturalResources,Ukraine NGO Non-governmentalorganisation NNP Nationalnaturepark OCHA UnitedNationsOfficefortheCoordinationofHumanitarianAffairs OECD OrganizationforEconomicCo-ope