COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics

PatentLandscape Report COVID-19vaccinesandtherapeutics PatentLandscapeReport COVID-19vaccinesandtherapeuticsInsightsintorelatedpatentingactivity throughoutthepandemic 2ThisworkislicensedunderCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0International. Theuserisallowedtoreproduce,distribute,adapt,translateandpubliclyperformthispublication,includingforcommercialpurposes,withoutexplicitpermission,providedthatthecontentisaccompaniedbyanacknowledgementthatWIPOisthesourceandthatitisclearlyindicatedifchangesweremadetotheoriginalcontent. Suggestedcitation:WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(WIPO)(2023).COVID-19-relatedvaccinesandtherapeutics:Insightsintorelatedpatentingactivitythroughoutthepandemic.Geneva:WIPO.DOI:10.34667/tind.48015 Adaptation/translation/derivativesshouldnotcarryanyofficialemblemorlogo,unlesstheyhavebeenapprovedandvalidatedbyWIPO.PleasecontactusviatheWIPOwebsitetoobtainpermission. Foranyderivativework,pleaseincludethefollowingdisclaimer:“TheSecretariatofWIPOassumesnoliabilityorresponsibilitywithregardtothetransformationortranslationoftheoriginalcontent.” WhencontentpublishedbyWIPO,suchasimages,graphics,trademarksorlogos,isattributedtoathirdparty,theuserofsuchcontentissolelyresponsibleforclearingtherightswiththerightholder(s). Toviewacopyofthislicense,pleasevisithttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 AnydisputearisingunderthislicensethatcannotbesettledamicablyshallbereferredtoarbitrationinaccordancewithArbitrationRulesoftheUnitedNationsCommissiononInternationalTradeLaw(UNCITRAL)theninforce.Thepartiesshallbeboundbyanyarbitrationawardrenderedasaresultofsucharbitrationasthefinaladjudicationofsuchadispute. ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofmaterialthroughoutthispublicationdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartofWIPOconcerningthelegalstatusofanycountry,territoryorareaorofitsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries. ThispublicationisnotintendedtoreflecttheviewsoftheMemberStatesortheWIPOSecretariat. PatentLandscapeReport:COVID-19vaccinesandtherapeutics ThementionofspecificcompaniesorproductsofmanufacturersdoesnotimplythattheyareendorsedorrecommendedbyWIPOinpreferencetoothersofasimilarnaturethatarenotmentioned. ©WIPO,2023 Firstpublished2022 WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization34,chemindesColombettes,P.O.Box18CH-1211Geneva20,Switzerland ISBN:978-92-805-3529-7(print) ISBN:978-92-805-3530-3(online) ISSN:2790-7007(print) ISSN:2790-7015(online) Attribution4.0International(CCBY4.0)Cover:GettyImages/©JonathanFilskov; ©DrazenZigic Contents Contents3 Acknowledgements5 Keyfindings6 Introduction9 Background–biologyofCOVID-1910 OverviewofpatentingactivityrelatedtoCOVID-1912 Patentfilingsduring2020–202212 FilingsandpublicationofCOVID-19-relatedpatentapplications overtime13 COVID-19-relatedvaccineandtherapeuticpatentapplicantprofiles15 PatentofficeCOVID-19strategiesandactions16 LicensingandotheragreementsrelatedtoCOVID-19vaccines andtherapeutics21 DisclosureofsequenceswithinCOVID-19vaccineandtherapeutics patents23 COVID-19vaccines24 Background–vaccineplatforms24 Speedofvaccinedevelopment25 Vaccinepatentlandscape26 Vaccinepatentdistributionbyvaccineplatformandpublished applicantlocation27 Vaccinepatentapplicantcollaborations31 Vaccineauthorizationanddevelopmentofkeytechnologies32 Vaccineadjuvantdevelopment34 Vaccinepatentingactivitycomparedtoglobaldiscussionaround COVID-19vaccines36 PatternsinglobalCOVID-19vaccineuse37 COVID-19vaccineboosterpatentingactivity38 COVID-19therapeutics40 Background–therapeuticcategories40 Therapeuticspatentlandscape41 Therapeuticpatentdistributionbysubstancetypeandpublished applicantlocation42 Therapeuticspatentapplicantcollaborations44 3 PatentLandscapeReport:COVID-19vaccinesandtherapeutics 4HighlightsofpatentfilingsrelatedtoCOVID-19 therapeuticsdevelopment47 Smallmoleculetherapeutics47 Biologictherapeutics48 Traditionalmedicine53 TherapeuticsforlongCOVID54 FormulationsofCOVID-19therapeutics55 Perspectives57 Annex60 Acronyms68 Glossary69 References73 Furtherreading82 Acknowledgements ThisPatentLandscapeReportonCOVID-19vaccinesandtherapeuticsispartoftheWIPOCOVID-19responsepackagelaunchedbyDirectorGeneralDarenTangtoassistmemberstatesinaddressingtheCOVID-19pandemicandbuildingbackbetteraspartoftheirsustainablepost-COVIDeconomicrecoveryeffortsandisanupdateofthereportpublishedin2022. ThispublicationwaspreparedwiththestewardshipofMarcoAlemán(AssistantDirectorGeneral,IPandInnovationEcosystemsSector),underthedirectionofAlejandroRocaCampañá(SeniorDirector,IPforInnovatorsDepartment)andAndrewCzajkowski(Director,TechnologyandInnovationSupportDivision). ThereportwaspreparedbyaprojectteamcomprisingMyraTaylor,StevenHenderson,MollyStrausbaugh,SabinaScott,CatherineSaveson,LindaGarner,RumianaTenchov,YingzhuLi,CynthiaLiu,EvaNesbit,KenCutshall,ScottSegal,JoelDavis,CindaHarrold,Qiongqiong(Angela)Zhou,DmitriiPolshakov,allfromCAS,adivisionoftheAmericanChemicalSociety,andLakshmiSupriya(PatentAnalyticsOfficer),HongKan(PatentAnalyticsOfficer),CraigDsouza(YoungExpertProfessi