扩展现实和3GPP演进研究报告

EXTENDEDREALITY and3GPPEvolution A5GAmericasWhitePaperNovember2022 Contents ExecutiveSummar 1.Introduction 2.EvolutionofXR 3.XRKeyFacilitatorsandUseCas 3.1XRKeyFacilitators 3.2VRUseCast 3.3ARUseCases. 4.XRServiceCharacteristicsandDeliveryRequirem11 4.1VRWirelessRequirements1 4.2ARWirelessRequirements13 4.3MRandBeyondWirelessRequirements13 5.XRKeyEnablers15 5.1SplitComputing/RenderingArchitecture15 5.2EdgeComputing16 5.3SpectrumConsiderations16 6.XRin3GPPStandards 6.1XRinRel-15/Rel-16 6.2XRinRel-17.18 6.3XRinRel-18 23 6.4XRinRel-19. Conclusion24 Acronyms Acknowledgment27 Endnote ExecutiveSummary ExtendedReality(XR)enhancesourlivedexperienceswithAugmentedReality(AR), VirtualReality(VR)andMixedReality(MR).Itcreateseitherfullyvirtual,immersive environmentsorblendsthosevirtuallandscaoesandfeatureswiththe*rea"world. Itsusecasesarenotlimitedtoconsumerapplicationslikegaming,butalsoinclude enterprise,institutions,andmanufacturing,XRwillinfluencethewaypeopleplay. work,learn,andinteractwitheachanother.VR,butparticularlyAR,requiressignificant developmentinmultipleareasincludingbutnotlimitedtomulti-media,artificial intelligence,computing,displaysystems,andcommunicationtoprovideexperiences thatincorporateXRintoourdailylives. Lowlatency,highreliability,lowerpowerconsumptionandhighcapacityarekeyservicerequirementsforthesuccessofXR.5GNewRadio(NR)developedby3Generation PartnershipProject(3GPP)isdesignedtosupportemergingXRusescasesthatrequlresuchKeyPertormanceIndicators(KPl).While5GNRbenefitsXRpotentia Thiswhitepaperdescribespotentialusecaseswithservicedeliveryrequirements.Italsodetailshow5Gcanenableanend-to-endXRsystem,includinghowsplit computationarchitectureacrossvarioussystemcomponentsprovidesbenefitsforlower offersadecentfoundationforXRbuthasnotbeenspecificalydesignedoroptimizedforXRsupport.Thepaperexaminestheevolutionof5GsystemsfromRel-15and16 thatcanbeleveragedforXR,beforedescribingpotentialenhancementsrecognizedby3GPPinRel-17throughRel-18thatareexpectedtooptimizeXRsupportincludingXR describinganticipatedstudiesoflocalizedmobilemetaverseservicesinRel-19. 1.Introduction ExtendedReality(XR)isanumbrellatermforVirtualReality(VR),AugmentedReality(AR),andMixedReality(MR),asshown inFigure1.XRwillbethenext-generationcomputingplatformdictatingourfuturerelationishipwiththedigitalworldbycreating connect. VRisadigitalrenderdesignedtomimicvisualandaudiosensorystimulioftherealworldasnaturallyaspossibletoan observeroruserastheymovewithinthelimitsdefinedbytheapplication.WithVR,auserusuallywearsahead-mounted display(HMD)whichcompletelyreplacestheuser'sFieldofView(FoV)withasimulatedvisualcomponent.TheVRuser movements. VRisgatheringmomentum,butmuchresearchisstillneededtoenhancetheuser'simmersiveexperience.Acvancesinclude butarenotlimitedtohigherresolution,widerFoV,depth,hapticgloves,andaudiopropagation.WithAR,artificiallygenerated bedirectwithnointermediatesensing,processing,rendering,orindirect,wheretheirperceptionoftheirenvironmentis relayedusingsensors.WithMR,virtualelementsareinsertedintothephysicalenvironmenttoprovidetheillusionthattheseelementsexistintherealscene. VR,andespeciallyAR,remainsinitsearlystagesandneedsimmenseresearch,innovation,anddevelopmentbeforetheyare tracking,eyetracking,facetracking,bodytracking,worldmappingandreconstruction,andArtificialIntelligence(Al). VRheadsetsprovidevisualinputcontainedtotheHMD,whereasARglassesallowuserstoobserveandusevirtualobjectsoverlayedinrealitytoannotateourworldandinteractwithothers.ARglassesandVRheadsetsoperatewithintightpower power)toenablelongsessionsorall-dayusage. Cloudgaming(CG)isacloselyrelatedXRapplicationthatutiizestheedgeservertorendergraphicsonmobiledevices.Game generallywithlowerresolutioncomparedtootherXRsystems.XRandCGarecurrentlyoneoftheindustry'smostimportant 5Gmediaapplicationsunderconsideration. Figure1:DifferenttypesofXRservicesi ARVDMR XR EtendedRelltyand3GPPEvolution 2.EvolutionofXR qualityvideo,but5G-Advancedwilloffermoreimmersiveuserexperiences,and6Gdevelopmentisworkingtoprovidemore 6G. Factorslikeecosystemsupportandstrongcommunicationbetweendeviceandnetworkmanufacturerscannotbeoverlooked. congestioncontrol.Immersivemedia,3Dmapping,sensing,andcontentdevelopmentdrivethedevelopmentofxRwhichneedslowerlatencyandhigherbandwidths,Thejourneyto6Gissteadilyprogressing,Betweennowand2030,consumerswill continuetoseeopticalimprovements,morevividimages,andenhancedVRheadsetfeaturesliketrackingforhands,fullbody.andfacialexpressions(seeFigures2and3) Figure2:XRisalongJourney,consumerXRDevicesTimeline XRisalongjourney,consumerXRDevicesTimeline Figure3:XRevolutiononthenetworkslevel Full-iew4K2D/10FuviemBK.30 Xxx X Engos LTE,IN XXx xx ExtendedRelityand3GPPEvolution 3.XRKeyFacilitatorsandUseCases XRservicesarecomplexandmandatemanynovelfunctionalities.Whilecomplex,XRserviceswilltransformthewaywecommunicate,learn,andplay.XRserviceswillbethecormerstoneofenterpriseapplications,consumerapplications,and everythinginbetween.Themetaverseanddigitaltwinscansuccessfullyenablethedeploymentoffutu