运营商边缘计算网络技术白皮书
运营商边缘计算网络技术白皮书边缘计算产业联盟（ECC）与网络5.0产业和技术创新联盟（N5A）联合发布2019年11月 随着5G时代的到来，边缘计算成为新的业务增长点，受到了学术界、产业界以及政府部门的极大关注，在电力、交通、制造、智慧城市等多个价值行业有了规模应用。产业界在实践中逐步认识到边缘计算的本质与核心能力。伴随行业数字化进程的不断深入，持续涌现的新业务对边缘计算提出了新需求。而这些新的需求必然导致网络架构的变迁。边缘计算网络技术的研究已经成为边缘计算发展的重要前提。为理清边缘计算与网络基础设施的关系，边缘计算产业联盟（Edge Computing Consortium，缩写为ECC）与网络5.0产业与技术创新联盟（Network 5.0 Industry and Technology Innovation Alliance，缩写为N5A）共同研究编写《运营商边缘计算网络技术白皮书》。本白皮书目的是识别、解释和定位与边缘计算相关的网络技术体系。首先，从边缘计算对网络需求的三大典型场景出发，详细分析了每个场景中边缘计算与网络基础设施之间的关系，得到了七大关键需求；其次，从边缘计算的角度重新划分和定义了网络基础设施，提出将边缘计算相关的网络基础设施分为边缘计算接入网络（ECA）、边缘计算内部网络（ECN）、边缘计算互联网络（ECI）等三部分，并针对每一部分给出了相应的解决方案和关键技术；最后，对边缘计算网络技术发展趋势和未来可能涉及的技术进行了详尽的阐述。本文档的目标读者包括但不限于边缘计算产业联盟的所有成员，联盟成员的供应商，电信运营商，网络设备供应商，系统集成商以及其他关心边缘计算网络基础设施相关的机构和个人。 PREFACE前言参与编写单位：中国电信股份有限公司北京研究院华为技术有限公司中国移动研究院中国联通网络技术研究院中国联通研究院中国信息通信研究院重庆大学北京邮电大学和利时科技集团思博伦通信科技有限公司北京易华录信息技术股份有限公司赛特斯科技股份有限公司烽火通信科技股份有限公司编写组成员：雷 波 翁志强 黄还青 宋 军赵倩颖 刘 鹏 李 勤 秦凤伟曹 畅 何 涛 蔡岳平 徐 雷于 城 张恒升 时晓光 朱毅明 李天辉 张少伟 张 兴 王 凌 祝 亮 兰光华 前言01. 引言 ················································································································· 011.1 边缘计算2.0 ·································································································································· 01 1.2 边缘计算网络 ································································································································ 0202. 边缘计算对网络的需求 ··················································································· 032.1 固移融合场景 ································································································································ 03 2.2 园区网与运营商网络融合场景 ······································································································ 06 2.3 现场边缘计算场景 ························································································································· 08 2.4 小结 ··············································································································································· 11 03. 边缘计算网络基础设施 ··················································································· 123.1 边缘计算接入网络ECA ················································································································· 12 3.2 边缘计算内部网络ECN ················································································································· 17 3.3 边缘计算互联网络ECI ·················································································································· 18 3.4 运营商5G MEC网络的架构模型和网建六大关键点 ··································································· 20 04. 边缘计算网络相关技术发展展望 ···································································· 244.1 边缘计算网络技术未来发展方向 ·································································································· 24 4.2 无损网络 ········································································································································ 25 4.3 DetNet ··········································································································································· 26 4.4 算力网络 ········································································································································ 28 4.5 内容寻址网络 ································································································································ 29 4.6 主动防御网络 ································································································································ 31 4.7 B5G/6G ·········································································································································· 31附录1：术语表 ····································································································· 34附录2：缩略语表 ································································································· 36附录3：参考文献 ································································································· 39 CONTENTS目录 01运营商边缘计算网络技术白皮书引言01引言1.1 边缘计算2.0随着全球数字化浪潮的到来，5G、AI、大数据等新技术不断涌现。边缘计算正在兴起，成为新时代改变通信信息服务模式的关键创新之一。边缘计算被认为是5G与工业互联网、物联网等系统的重要结合点，有望带来更多的颠覆性业务模式。边缘计算产业联盟（ECC）2017年发布的《边缘计算参考架构1.0》中给出了边缘计算1.0的定义。边缘计算是在靠近物或数据源头的网络边缘侧，融合网络、计算、存储、应用核心能力的开放平台，就近提供边缘智能服务，满足行业数字化在敏捷联接、实时业务、数据优化、应用智能、安全与隐私保护等方面的关键需求。它从边缘计算的位置、能力与价值等维度给出定义，在边缘计算产业发展的初期有效牵引产业共识，推动边缘计算产业的发展。随着边缘计算产业的发展逐步从产业共识走向落地实践，边缘计算的主要落地形态、技术能力发展方向、软硬件平台的关键能力等问题逐渐成为产业界的关注焦点，边缘计算2.0应运而生。边缘计算2.0：边缘计算的业务本质是云计算在数据中心之外汇聚节点的延伸和演进，主要包括云边缘、边缘云和图1 边缘计算2.0云计算边缘计算终端交通市政制造能源视觉手机边云协同/边缘智能边云协同/边缘智能边缘云边缘网关云边缘EC-SaaSEC-PaaSEC-IaaSEC-SaaSEC-PaaSEC-IaaSAIIaaSIaaS行业应用网络应用IoT应用IoT平台行业平台网络平台AIEC-SaaSEC-PaaSEC-IaaSAI 02运营商边缘计算网络技术白皮书引言云化网关三类落地形态；以“边云协同”和“边缘智能”为核心能力发展方向；软件平台需要考虑导入云理念、云架构、云技术，提供端到端实时、协同式智能、可信赖、可动态重置等能力；硬件平台需要考虑异构计算能力，如鲲鹏、ARM、X86、GPU、NPU、FPGA等。云边缘：云边缘形态的边缘计算，
