通过效率、弹性、人工智能和环境绩效加强供应链

Strengthening SupplyChains through This work is issued under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD, and does not necessarily reflect the This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in Please cite this publication as: OECD (2026),Strengthening Supply Chains through Efficiency, Resilience, AI and Environmental Performance, OECDPublishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/2a495d96-en. ISBN 978-92-64-79541-9 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-70024-6 (HTML) Photo credits:Cover © Andrey_Popov/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2026 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Attribution– you must cite the work. Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of the original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed in Preface International trade has been a powerful driver of economic growth and higher living standards around theworld. However, the global trading system has come under increasing pressure in recent years from globalshocks, supply chain disruptions and geopolitical uncertainty. Countries will need to work together to make This report looks at two such transformations that are reshaping international supply chains, bringing bothopportunities and challenges. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potentialto optimise supply chain operations and logistics but can also present risks that must be carefully managed–including data protection and cybersecurity. In parallel, policies to advance the green transformation can Effectiveand coherent policies on trade facilitation are key to navigating these transformations.Streamlined, AI-enabled border procedures can support resilient supply chains by keeping goods movingmore efficiently, including during crises, and by providing firms with the flexibility needed to diversify their The 2025 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders’ Gyeongju Declaration reaffirmed theimportance of AI for international trade, as well as the need to promote more environmentally sustainable Building on these developments at APEC 2025, this report brings together the OECD’s work on creating asupportive policy environment for trade facilitation and paperless trade. It highlights the links betweensupply chain efficiency, resilience and environmental performance, and the role of digitalisation in Going forward, the OECD will continue to provide our objective, evidence-based analysis to supportpolicymakers in seizing the full potential of digital and AI-enabled trade facilitation for stronger, more Mathias CormannSecretary-General, OECD Foreword Global supply chains have undergone profound transformation in recent years, driven, among otherfactors, by the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and rising environment-related requirements. StrengtheningSupply Chainsthrough Efficiency, Resilience,AIand Environmental Performanceexploreshow AI, digital tools and trade facilitation policies can enhance efficiency and resilience, while helping firms During Korea’s hosting of APEC in 2025, to which the OECD contributed through its analytical work, APECmembereconomies underscored the potential of AI in international trade and the importance ofenvironmentally sustainable trade. This report builds on that engagement. Notably, the report draws key The report is structured as follows. Chapter1 reviews how two key drivers–therapid development of AIand environmental requirements–areshaping global supply chains, emphasising their shared relevanceto a digital backbone. Chapter2 explores how AI is transforming international trade, in particular how AI-enabled tools, including advanced data analytics and automation, can enhance trade facilitation. Chapter3outlines the core enabling building blocks for leveraging AI in trade facilitation, examining barriers affectingdigital services, the regulatory environment underpinning electronic transactions, and measures affecting Acknowledgements Thereport Strengthening Supply Chains through Efficiency,Resilience,AI and EnvironmentalPerformancewas co-ordinated by John Drummond, under the general oversight of Marion Jansen. The This publication was supported by