2025年国际知识产权指数报告(第13版)

InternationalIP Index2025 Thirteenth Edition The U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s GlobalInnovation Policy Center is working around theworld to champion intellectual property rightsas vital to creating jobs, saving lives, advancingglobal economic growth, and generatingbreakthrough solutions to global challenges. This report was conducted by Pugatch Consilum,(www.pugatch-consilium.com) a boutiqueconsultancy that provides evidence-based research,analysis, and intelligence on the fastest growingsectors of the knowledge economy. Authors of thisreport are Meir Pugatch and David Torstensson. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world’slargest business federation representing theinterests of more than 3 million businesses ofall sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as stateand local chambers and industry associations. Professor Meir Pugatch,Managing Director and FounderProf. Pugatch is the Managing Director of Pugatch Consilium – a boutique consultancythat provides evidence-based research, analysisand intelligence on the fastest growing sectorsof the knowledge economy. He is an IPKMProfessor of Valorisation, Entrepreneurship andManagement at the University of Maastricht inthe Netherlands; as well as a Professor at theSchool of Public Health, University of Haifa inIsrael, in which he acts as the Chair of the HealthManagement Division since 2019. Prof. Pugatchspecializes in innovation strategies, organizationalentrepreneurship, intellectual property management,pharmacoeconomics, pricing and reimbursement,and the management of public health systems. Heis the author and editor of an extensive number ofpublications and serves as a referee and editorialboard member of numerous peer review journals. Copyright © 2025 by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.All rights reserved. No part of this work, covered by thecopyrights herein, may be reproduced or copied in anyform or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical,including photocopying, recording, taping, or information andretrieval systems—without the permission of the Chamber. David Torstensson, Partner Dr. Torstensson specializes in innovation, taxand intellectual property policy, with a particularfocus on the health care, information andcommunication technology and contentindustries. He has wide experience in policy andeconomic analysis, as well as data samplingand creation of strategic operational andadvocacy plans. He is the author of a numberof academic and commissioned reports andpublications and is the co-author of all 13 editionsof the U.S. Chamber International IP Index. Contents Foreword.................................................................................7Executive Summary..............................................................8Overview of the Thirteenth Edition..................................21The Global IP Environment in 2024—Major Developments, Overall Index Scores, andCategory-by-Category Results........................................25Economy Overviews...........................................................70Appendix: Methodology, Sources,and Indicators Explained...............................................405 Tables and Figures Table 1: Thirteenth Edition Index Economies by World Bank Region.....................22 Table 2: Thirteenth Edition Index Economies by World Bank Income Group.......23 Table 3: New Index Category and Indicators Added in 2025...................................24 Table 4: Change in Overall Score, Thirteenth Edition versus Twelfth Edition......37 Figure 1:World Total Patent Applications(Direct and Patent Cooperation Treaty National Phase Entries),Design Applications (Direct and via the Hague System),and Trademark Applications (Direct and via the Madrid System), 1995–2023.....27 Figure 2:Total Patent Applications (Direct and Patent Cooperation TreatyNational Phase Entries), Regional Comparison, 1997 versus 2023.........................28 Figure 3:Total Design Applications (Direct and via the Hague System),Regional Comparison, 1994 versus 2023......................................................................28 Figure 4:Total Trademark Applications (Direct and via the Madrid System),Regional Comparison, 1994 versus 2023......................................................................29 Figure 5:Charges for the Use of Intellectual Property, Receipts (Balance of Payments,Current U.S. Dollar), World Total....................................................................................30 Figure 6:Charges for the Use of Intellectual Property,Payments (BoP, Current U.S. Dollar), and Low and Middle Incomeversus High Income, 1990 versus 2023.........................................................................31 Figure 7:Category 1: Patent Rights and Limitations, % Available Score.................................41 Figure 8:Category 2: Copyrights and Limitations, % Available Score.....................................45 Figure 9:Category 3: Trademark Rights and Limitations, % Available Score.